Language/Ngazidja-comorian/Culture/Comoros-Timeline

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Historical Timeline for Comoros - A chronology of key events

We do not claim to be exhaustive here, but as the title suggests, our aim is to provide visitors with some benchmarks to understand the history of the Comoros. Our sources include the "History of the Comoros" pages on the Mwezinet and Mascareignes websites, as well as the "Comoros" article on Wikipedia.

From Settlement to Annexation by France[edit | edit source]

Between the 5th and the 10th century: first settlement from the eastern coasts of Africa and possibly the Asian coasts of the Indian Ocean.
9th century: Arrival of traders from the Arabian Peninsula and the Persian Gulf.
13th century: Beginning of the Islamization of the archipelago and establishment of the sultanates.
Beginning of the 16th century: Passage of Portuguese navigators.
1529: Passage of the first French navigators.
18th century: Start of the Malagasy raids.
1886: Establishment of the French protectorate.
1889: Appointment of the planter Léon Humblot as "resident" and creation of a powerful colonial company.
1908: Annexation by France (attachment of the archipelago to the colony of Madagascar).

From Annexation to Independence[edit | edit source]

June 9, 1946: Administrative and political autonomy of the Comoros vis-à-vis Madagascar.
June 15, 1953: Joint declaration on the access of the Comoros to independence.
1958: New status of "overseas territory".
December 22, 1974: Referendum in favor of independence.
July 6 to 8, 1975: Unilateral declaration of independence of the Comoros, but maintenance of Mayotte under French administration, election of the country's first president, Ahmed Abdallah.

On the Path to Stability and Development[edit | edit source]

August 3, 1975: Coup d'état and arrival of Ali Soilihi to power.
May 12, 1978: Coup d'état led by mercenary Bob Denard, election of President Ahmed Abdallah, and birth of the Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros.
November 26, 1989: Assassination of President Ahmed Abdallah.
1990: Election of Said Mohamed Djohar, official recognition of political parties.
September 1995: New coup led by Bob Denard.
October 1995: Return of Said M. Djohar to power until elections in 1996.
March 1996: Election of President Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim.
July 1997: Secession of Anjouan and Moheli.
November 1998: Death of President Taki, Tadjidine Ben Said Massounde Acting President, and Abbas Djoussouf Prime Minister.
April 23, 1999: Antananarivo agreements under the aegis of the OAU.
April 30, 1999: Coup d'état and seizure of power by Colonel Azali Assoumani.
May 6, 1999: Constitutional charter stating that each island is placed under the authority of a governor appointed by the head of state.
August 26, 2000: Signature of the Fomboni agreements by the three islands and relaunch of the national reconciliation process.
December 23, 2001: Referendum on the constitution of the Union of the Comoros, end of the Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros, and birth of the Union of the Comoros.
April 7, 2002: Election of the presidents of the autonomous islands of Mwali and Ndzouani.
April 14, 2002: Election of the President of the Union of the Comoros: Azali Assoumani.
May 19, 2002: Election of the president of the autonomous island of Ngazidja.
2006: Election of the president of the Union of the Comoros, Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi.
2011: Election of the president of the Union of the Comoros, Ikililou Dhoinine.