Language/Mossi/Culture/Burkina-Faso-Timeline

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Historical Timeline for Burkina Faso - A chronology of key events
Burkina-Faso-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png

The first occupants[edit | edit source]

  • 12000 to 5000 BC ➡ traces of occupation in the north of Oursi country and in the west. Society of hunter-gatherers using tools (points, scrapers, etc.).
  • 3000 BC ➡ traces of sedentary habitat. The men practice agriculture.
  • 11th century ➡ first Mossi invasions.

The pre-colonial period[edit | edit source]

  • Around 1050 ➡ creation of Ouagadougou by Wubri, descendant of Ouédraogo. Beginning of the Mossi Empire of Ouagadougou.
  • 15th and 16th centuries ➡ arrival of the Burcimba conquerors and creation in the east of the country of the Gulmanceba (Gourmantché) empires with centralized power.
  • 18th and 19th centuries ➡ arrival of the last migrants in Burkina Faso, Lobi-Diagara from present-day Ghana, Goin and Turka in the south of the country.
  • 1817 ➡ creation of the emirate of Liptako with Dori as the capital.

Colonization of the country[edit | edit source]

  • 1884-1885 ➡ Berlin conference, partition of Africa between the great colonial powers.
  • 1886 ➡ German Krauss expedition.
  • 1887-1889 ➡ Captain Binger's expedition.
  • 1891 ➡ Colonel Monteil's expedition.
  • 1895 ➡ creation of French West Africa. The capital will be Dakar.
  • 1896-1897 ➡ expedition of Lieutenants Voulet and Chanoine. Capture of Ouagadougou in 1896.
  • 1919-1927 ➡ governorate of the colony by Hesling, first governor.
  • November 17, 1915 ➡ a source of revolt broke out among the Marka and led the Bwaba to war against the colonizer. The revolt was put down in blood by Colonel Mallard in 1916.
  • 1920 ➡ New York: Declaration of the Rights of the Negro peoples of the world - Marcus Garvey.
  • 1927-1932 ➡ governorate of the colony by Fournier.
  • 1931 ➡ inauguration of the Colonial Exhibition in Paris.
  • September 5, 1932 ➡ following the catastrophic economic situation of the colony, the territory was removed by decree and shared between the neighboring colonies: Niger, French Sudan and Ivory Coast. Upper Volta is removed from the map.
  • 1932-1937 ➡ gradual dismantling of administrative structures.
  • 1937 ➡ creation of the administrative region of Upper Côte d'Ivoire corresponding to the former territory of Upper Volta.
  • 1943 ➡ opening of the Brazzaville conference.
  • 1946 ➡ creation of the African Democratic Rally (RDA) in Bamako. Félix Houphouët-Boigny becomes its president.
  • September 4, 1947 ➡ Upper Volta was reestablished in its 1919 territory. Bobo-Dioulasso became its capital until August 1, 1952: when it was transferred to Ouagadougou.
  • 1957 ➡ Daniel Ouezzin Coulibaly becomes president of the RDA in Upper Volta. In the elections, the RDA wins and Daniel Ouezzin Coulibaly is elected vice-president of the Council of Government.
  • September 6, 1958 ➡ Daniel Ouezzin Coulibaly deceased, Maurice Yameogo replaced him at the head of the vice-presidency of the Council of government. September 28 is adopted the first Constitution of the country which will give birth to the first Republic.
  • July 11, 1960 ➡ signature in Paris of the agreement liberating Upper Volta from colonization.
  • From Upper Volta to Burkina Faso
  • August 5, 1960 ➡ Upper Volta proclaims its independence.
  • 1960-1966 ➡ 1st Republic. Yameogo President of the Republic. The multiparty system is abolished.
  • January 7, 1961 ➡ assassination of Patrice Lumumba in the Belgian Congo.
  • 1963 ➡ creation of the OAU in Addis Ababa.
  • 1965 ➡ re-election of Yameogo with 99% of the votes.
  • January 3, 1966 ➡ the discontented crowd forces the government of Yameogo to resign. Lieutenant-Colonel Sangoulé Lamizana agrees to take over the charge of the Head of State on behalf of the army.
  • 1966-1980 ➡ Presidency of General Sangoulé Lamizana. Creation in January 1966 of the Provisional Military Government (GMP).
  • June 15, 1970 ➡ a new Constitution is adopted.
  • February 13, 1971 ➡ proclamation of the Second Republic.
  • February 1974 ➡ internal dissensions within the government push Lamizana to dissolve Parliament. Establishment of the Government of National Renewal (GRN).
  • February 28, 1975 ➡ Lomé agreements between the ACP countries (Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific) and the EEC (European Economic Community).
  • 1976 ➡ under pressure from the country, on February 9, 1976, Lamizana sets up a government of national unity which has the task of preparing new presidential and legislative elections.
  • May 1978 ➡ General Lamizana is re-elected to the presidency. Creation of the Third Republic.
  • 1980 ➡ strikes and serious dissensions which divide the management team lead to the coup d'etat of Colonel Sayé Zerbo, supported by young army officers. All of the former rulers are in jail.
  • 1980-1982 ➡ regime of Colonel Sayé Zerbo. Creation of the Military Recovery Committee for National Progress (CMRPN).
  • 1981 ➡ Thomas Sankara is appointed Minister of Information. He resigned 6 months later. In November, abolition of the right to strike.
  • January 1982 ➡ under pressure from the unions, work stoppages immobilize the country. Many officers are leaving the CMRPN. A shot State, led in particular by Thomas Sankara, overthrows Zerbo. The doctor-commander Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo was elected to the presidency on November 7, 1982.
  • 1982-1983 ➡ regime of Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo. Creation of the People's Salvation Council (CSP). Adoption of a regime close to Marxism-Leninism.
  • May 1983 ➡ arrest of Thomas Sankara and his friend Jean-Baptiste Boukari Lingani. With the help of Captain Blaise Compaoré, they will be released shortly after.
  • August 4, 1983 ➡ a new coup d'état breaks out. Thomas Sankara announces on national radio the creation of the National Revolutionary Council (CNR).
  • 1983-1987 ➡ Presidency of Thomas Sankara.
  • 1983 ➡ creation of the People's Revolutionary Courts (TPR).
  • August 4, 1984 ➡ Upper Volta takes the name of Burkina Faso or "land of upright men". Adoption of a new flag, a new national anthem and a new motto: "Fatherland or death, we will conquer".
  • 1984 ➡ start of strikes in education and hardening of power.
  • October 15, 1987 ➡ assassination of Thomas Sankara during a shooting at the Council of the Entente.

The power of Blaise Compaoré[edit | edit source]

  • 1987 ➡ accession to power of Blaise Compaoré. He dissolved the CNR and created the Popular Front (FP).
  • February 11, 1990 ➡ release of Nelson Mandela in South Africa.
  • June 1991 ➡ adoption of a new Constitution. The December 1 elections bring Blaise Compaoré to the presidency of the country. Austerity policy, with the establishment of the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP).
  • 1992 ➡ privatization of state enterprises, followed two years later by a devaluation of the FCFA which will give new impetus to export crops.
  • December 7 ➡ death of President Houphouët-Boigny in Côte d'Ivoire.
  • 1994 ➡ start of the Rwandan genocide.
  • 1998 ➡ re-election of Blaise Compaoré as president.
  • In December ➡ assassination of the editor of the newspaper L'Indépendant, Norbert Zongo. The Zongo affair forces the president to speed up the process of democratizing the country's institutions.
  • October 2003 ➡ failed coup attempt by generals opposed to the power of Compaoré.
  • 2004 ➡ controversy over the candidacy of Blaise Compaoré for the presidential elections of 2005 due to a modification of article 37 of the law on the length of the mandate and the number of re-eligibility.
  • June 1 and 2, 2005 ➡ Blaise Compaoré becomes president of the Community of Sahelo-Saharan States (CEN-Sad), succeeding Malian President Amadou Toumani Touré.
  • November 13, 2005 ➡ Reelection of Blaise Compaoré as President of Burkina Faso with 80% of the vote.
  • April 23, 2006 ➡ the municipal elections confirm the supremacy of Blaise Compaoré's party.
  • May 6, 2007 ➡ the legislative elections confirm the supremacy of Blaise Compaoré's party.
  • January 2008 ➡ Burkina is part of the United Nations Security Council, as a non-permanent member, for a period of two years.
  • First semester 2008 ➡ strong demonstrations against the high cost of living, in particular against the rise in food costs, but also against corruption and fraud.
  • March 2009 ➡ the opposition Pan-African Sankarist Convention (CPS), Union pour la renaissance Mouvement Sankariste (Unir / MS) and part of the Front des forces sociales (FFS) merge to create the Union for the Renaissance / Sankarist Party ( Unite / PS).
  • November 2010 ➡ re-election of Blaise Compaoré as President of Burkina Faso with more than 80% of the votes.
  • February to May 2011 ➡ the country is experiencing unprecedented unrest, with demonstrations, sometimes violent, from all layers of society. Blaise Compaoré dissolves his government and begins a series of reforms.
  • December 2, 2012 ➡ Combined elections: legislative and municipal, with 75% participation, ie more than three million voters.
  • August 2013 ➡ Burkina Faso celebrates the 30th anniversary of the birth of the revolution, led by Thomas Sankara.
  • September 2013 ➡ establishment of the first Senate in the history of the country.
  • October 30 and 31, 2014 ➡ resignation of Blaise Compaoré following the popular uprising. Colonel Yacouba Isaac Zida takes the reins of the country.

After Blaise Compaoré[edit | edit source]

  • November 21, 2014 ➡ diplomat Michel Kafando is appointed president of the transitional government. Colonel Yacouba Isaac Zida is appointed Prime Minister.
  • September 16, 2015 ➡ coup d'état committed by General Diendéré (former right-hand man of B. Compaoré).
  • November 29, 2015 ➡ election of Roch Marc Kaboré.
  • January 15, 2016 ➡ Ouagadougou attack claimed by Aqmi (Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb).
  • August 13 and 14, 2017 ➡ Ouagadougou attack (not claimed to date).
  • March 2, 2018 ➡ double terrorist attack in Ouagadougou, targeting the General Staff of the Armies and the French Embassy, ​​claimed by the Support Group for Islam and Muslims (GSIM).
  • January 1 and 2, 2019 ➡ ethnic massacre in Yirgou (Sanmatenga province, Center-North region), targeting the Fulani community.
  • February 3 and 4, 2019 ➡ attjihadist attack in Kain, a locality in the north of the country in the province of Yatenga.

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