Language/Moroccan-arabic/Grammar/Uses-of-the-Passive
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Passive voice is an important aspect of Moroccan Arabic language, just like it is in English. In this lesson, you will learn about the uses of the passive voice in Moroccan Arabic.
Formation of the Passive Constructions
The passive voice in Moroccan Arabic is formed by adding "ــَــ" before the verb in the present tense, and "ــِــ" before the verb in the past tense, followed by the verb "يْتَـ" (yta) or "تْـ" (t). For example:
| Moroccan Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| الكَتاب كْتَبْ لِيَّ | l-ktāb ktāb lyya | The book was written for me |
| البيت كَنَحْضَرْ لِيَّ | l-byyt knaḥḍar lyya | The house is being prepared for me |
| الأكَل كَيْشَرَّكْ لِيَّ | l-kl kīšarrak lyya | The food is being cooked for me |
In the passive voice, the subject of the sentence becomes the object, and the object of the sentence becomes the subject.
Uses of the Passive Voice
1. To emphasize the object of the sentence Passive voice is used to emphasize the object of the sentence, rather than the subject. For example:
- المَكْتَبَة كِتَبَات ليَّ مِلايين الكُتُب.. (al-maktaba kitabat lyya milyūn al-kutub) - Millions of books were written for me by the library.
2. To avoid mentioning the doer of the action Passive voice is used when you don't know, don't want to mention, or don't need to mention the doer of the action. For example:
- تـَـعيِشْ فِيها تَـــاريْخٌ أْنْت لَمْ تَعْـــــــــــرفْ (taʿysh fīha tārīkh anta lamm taʿraf) - History is lived in it, that you didn't know about.
3. In scientific and academic writing The passive voice is commonly used in scientific and academic writing to describe experiments and research. For example:
- لُــغتُنا الـمَـــحكيّة هِـيَ مَـــا يــــــــدعى بِالدَّارِجَةِ (lugatuna al-maḥkiyya hiya mā yudʿā bi-ddārija) - Our spoken language is what is called dialect in the academic sense.
4. In official documents Passive voice is used in official documents to avoid assigning blame. For example:
- مَـــتــــعــــدُّونَ لِــــــلْمِرَاجَعَــــــةِ (matʿaddun lil-mirājaʿa) - We are prepared for review (used in official documents)
Conclusion
That's all for today's lesson on the passive voice in Moroccan Arabic! Remember, passive voice is commonly used in Moroccan Arabic in various situations, ranging from emphasizing the object of the sentence, to avoiding assigning blame in official documents. Active and passive voice can be confusing at first, but with practice, it will become second nature. Keep up the great work!
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