Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have

Tosk Albanian Grammar - How to Use "Have"

Hi Tosk Albanian learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will cover the use of "have" in Tosk Albanian. You may know "have" as "kam" in Albanian. "Have" is commonly used in English, and its use is similar in Tosk Albanian as well. Let's dive in and learn how to use "have" in different contexts.

Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: Nouns and Gender & Nouns.

"Have" as Possession

When we use "have" to denote possession, we use the verb "kam". "Kam" means "have" in English. In this context, "kam" is used to indicate ownership or possession of something.

Examples:

Tosk Albanian	Pronunciation	English
Unë kam një mace.	oo-neh kahm nyuh mahtseh	I have a cat.
Ti ke një makinë.	tee keh nyuh mah-kah-nuh	You have a car.
Ajo ka një shtëpi të madhe.	ah-yoh kah nyuh shteh-pee tuh mah-dheh	She has a big house.
Ne kemi një libër të mirë.	neh keh-mee nyuh lee-behr tuh meer	We have a good book.
Ju keni një shok.	yoo keh-nee nyuh shohk	You have a friend.
Ata kanë një apartament.	ah-tah kah-neh nyuh ah-pahr-tah-mehnt	They have an apartment.

As you can see from the above examples, "kam" is used to indicate ownership. It is used with different pronouns to denote who has something.

"Have" as Auxiliary Verb

In addition to its use as a main verb, "have" is also used as an auxiliary verb in Tosk Albanian. In this context, "kam" is used in combination with past participle forms of other verbs to form perfect tenses.

Here are some examples:

Tosk Albanian	Pronunciation	English
Unë kam shkruar në letër.	oo-neh kahm shkroo-ahr nuh leh-tuh-r	I have written in a letter.
Ti ke bërë një gabim.	tee keh beh-ruh nyuh gah-beem	You have made a mistake.
Ajo ka qenë në qytet.	ah-yoh kah cheh-neh nuh chy-teht	She has been in the city.
Ne kemi bërë punën.	neh keh-mee beh-ruh poo-neh-n	We have done the job.
Ju keni mësuar shqip.	yoo keh-nee muh-sow-ahr shqip	You have learned Albanian.
Ata kanë shkuar në plazh.	ah-tah kah-neh shkoo-ahr nuh plahzh	They have gone to the beach.

In the above examples, "kam" is used in combination with past participle forms of other verbs. This is used to form different perfect tenses.

"Have" as a Modal Verb

Sometimes, "have" is used as a modal verb in Tosk Albanian. In this context, "kam" is used to express obligation, necessity, or suggestion.

Examples:

Tosk Albanian	Pronunciation	English
Unë kam nevojë për këshillë.	oo-neh kahm neh-vo-yuh pehr kuh-sheel	I have need of advice.
Ti ke detyrime për të mbushur.	tee keh deh-tee-ree-meh pehr tuh mboo-shoor	You have duties to fulfill.
Ajo ka mundësi të ndryshme.	ah-yoh kah moon-deh-see tuh ndroosh-meh	She has different possibilities.
Ne kemi nevojë për një projektor.	neh keh-mee neh-vo-yuh pehr nyuh pro-yekt-tor	We have need for a projector.
Ju keni detyra për çdokënd në klasë.	yoo keh-nee deh-tyr-ah pehr ch-doh-kehd nuh klah-suh	You have tasks for everyone in class.
Ata kanë mundësi të ndryshme.	ah-tah kah-neh moon-deh-see tuh ndroosh-meh	They have different possibilities.

In the above examples, "kam" is used to express obligation, necessity, or suggestion. In this context, it is used in combination with other words to form a sentence.

Dialogue

Here is a dialogue to help you see how the verbs are used in context:

• Person 1: A ka libra në bibliotekë? (Do you have books in the library?)
• Person 2: Po, unë kam pesë libra atje. (Yes, I have five books there.)
• Person 1: A kemi vizituar Tiranën tani? (Have we visited Tirana now?)
• Person 2: Jo, ne kemi vizituar vetëm Durrësin. (No, we have only visited Durres.)
• Person 1: A keni nevojë për ndihmë? (Do you need help?)
• Person 2: Po, unë kam nevojë për ndihmë. (Yes, I need help.)

In this dialogue, you can see how "kam" is used in different contexts. In the first example, it is used to indicate ownership. In the second example, it is used in combination with past participle forms of other verbs to form the present perfect tense. In the third example, it is used as a modal verb to express necessity.

Conclusion

In conclusion, "have" is a versatile verb that can be used in different contexts in Tosk Albanian. Whether you are denoting possession, forming perfect tenses, or expressing obligation, "kam" is the verb you need to know. We hope this lesson was helpful in clarifying how to use "have" in Tosk Albanian. Remember to practice and use Find native speakers and ask them any questions to improve your skills. You can also refer to our Grammar section for additional information. See you next time! 😄

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Great work on completing this lesson! Take a moment to investigate these connected pages: Conditional Mood & Time and Dates.

Other Lessons

• Questions
• Future Tense
• Pronouns
• Give your Opinion
• Nouns
• Conditional Mood
• Negation
• Personal pronouns
• Gender