Language/Croatian/Grammar/Future-Tense
Hi Croatian learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will be focusing on the future tense in Croatian grammar. The future tense is used to talk about actions or events that will happen in the future. We will explore the different forms of the future tense, how to conjugate verbs, and some examples to help you better understand.
After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: Personal Pronouns & Nouns.
Conjugation[edit | edit source]
In Croatian, we have two forms of the future tense:
1. Present Future 2. Simple Future
Present Future[edit | edit source]
The Present Future is constructed using the present tense of the verb "biti" (to be) and the infinitive (base form) of the main verb.
Here are the conjugations of "biti" in the present tense:
Person | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
1st Person | Ja sam | Mi smo |
2nd Person | Ti si | Vi ste |
3rd Person | On/Ona/Ono je | Oni/One/Ona su |
After the present tense of "biti", add the infinitive of the main verb to form the Present Future. Here are some examples:
Croatian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Ja ću piti kavu | Ya choo pee-tee kah-voo | I will drink coffee |
Ti ćeš pjevati pjesmu | Tee tchehsh p-yeh-vahtee pyeh-smoo | You will sing a song |
On/Ona/Ono će pisati | Ohn/Ohnah/Ohno tcheh pee-sahtee | He/She/It will write |
Mi ćemo gledati film | Mee tcheh-moh gleh-dah-tee feelm | We will watch a movie |
Vi ćete trčati | Vee tcheh-teh t-rchahtee | You will run |
Oni/One/Ona će plivati | Oh-nee/Oh-neh/Oh-nah tcheh plee-vahtee | They will swim |
Simple Future[edit | edit source]
The Simple Future is constructed using the future tense markers "ću", "ćeš", "će", "ćemo", "ćete", and "će" and the infinitive (base form) of the main verb.
Here are the conjugations of the Simple Future:
Person | Marker | Example |
---|---|---|
1st Person Singular | -ću | Ja ću plivati (I will swim) |
2nd Person Singular | -ćeš | Ti ćeš skakati (You will jump) |
3rd Person Singular | -će | On/Ona/Ono će pjevati (He/She/It will sing) |
1st Person Plural | -ćemo | Mi ćemo raditi (We will work) |
2nd Person Plural | -ćete | Vi ćete kuhati (You will cook) |
3rd Person Plural | -će | Oni/One/Ona će voziti (They will drive) |
Here are some examples:
Croatian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Ja ću kupiti novu knjigu | Ya choo koo-pee-tee no-voo kn-yee-goo | I will buy a new book |
Ti ćeš posjetiti Zagreb | Tee tchehsh pohs-yeh-tee-tee Zah-greb | You will visit Zagreb |
On/Ona/Ono će putovati | Ohn/Ohnah/Ohno tcheh poo-toh-vahtee | He/She/It will travel |
Mi ćemo se družiti s prijateljima | Mee tcheh-moh seh droo-zhee-tee s pree-ya-tehl-yee-ma | We will hang out with friends |
Vi ćete imati test | Vee tcheh-teh ee-mah-tee test | You will have a test |
Oni/One/Ona će raditi u uredu | Oh-nee/Oh-neh/Oh-nah tcheh rah-dee-tee oo oo-reh-doo | They will work in the office |
Exceptions[edit | edit source]
There are some exceptions to the regular formation of the future tense. Some verbs have stem changes in the infinitive form, and some verbs have irregular future tense forms. Here are some examples:
Croatian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Infinitive: htjeti Future tense: Ja ću htjeti |
ht-yeh-tee | I will want |
Infinitive: moći Future tense: Ti ćeš moći |
moh-tchee | You will be able to |
Infinitive: doći Future tense: On/Ona/Ono će doći |
doh-chee | He/She/It will come |
Infinitive: voljeti Future tense: Mi ćemo voljeti |
vol-yeh-tee | We will love |
Infinitive: znati Future tense: Vi ćete znati |
znahtee | You will know |
Infinitive: vidjeti Future tense: Oni/One/Ona će vidjeti |
veed-yeh-tee | They will see |
Dialogue[edit | edit source]
Here's a dialogue to help you understand how to use the future tense:
- Person 1: Hoćeš li ići u kino sutra? (Will you go to the cinema tomorrow?)
- Person 2: Da, ići ću s prijateljima. (Yes, I will go with friends.)
Cultural Tidbits[edit | edit source]
- In Croatia, many people believe in the power of fortune telling. There are certain customs where people look at coffee grounds, tarot cards or play cards to read the future. - Did you know that Nikola Tesla was born in Smiljan, Croatia? He is known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current electricity supply system. - Learning Croatian can be challenging, but it's also a lot of fun! The country has a rich history and culture, and speaking the language can help you to explore and understand it better.
Practice[edit | edit source]
To practice your future tense skills, try translating these sentences from English to Croatian:
1. I will study Croatian. 2. You will meet new people. 3. He will speak Spanish. 4. We will travel to the beach. 5. They will listen to music.
After that, try to make your own sentences using different verbs and subject pronouns.
Sources[edit | edit source]
- All Shapes of the Future Tense in Serbian and Croatian Language ...
- The future tense in Croatian
- The future tense in the Croatian language, negative - SpeakCRO ...
Videos[edit | edit source]
Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Future Tense - YouTube[edit | edit source]
Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Grammar: The Future Tense Negation ...[edit | edit source]
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Negation
- Questions
- Nouns
- Give your Opinion
- How to Use Be
- Pronouns
- Conditional Mood
- Adjectives
- How to Use Have