Language/Southern-betsimisaraka-malagasy/Grammar/Past-Tense

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Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy Grammar → Verb Conjugation → Past Tense

Introduction

Welcome to the Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy grammar lesson on past tense verb conjugation. In this lesson, you will learn how to properly conjugate verbs in the past tense, which is a crucial part of mastering the language. This lesson assumes that you have already learned the basic sentence structure in Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy, as well as the present tense verb conjugation.


Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: Prepositions of Place & Descriptive Adjectives.

Past Tense Conjugation

In Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy, there are three different types of verbs:

  • -aka: verbs that show action
  • -ina: verbs that show state or condition
  • -y: verbs that show location or position

To conjugate these verbs in the past tense, you need to add different suffixes to the verb stem, depending on the type of verb.

-aka Verbs

For -aka verbs, you need to add the suffix -ny to the verb stem to make it past tense.

Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy Pronunciation English
Manomboka ma-nuhm-BO-kah To start
Manombokany ma-nuhm-BO-kah-ny Started
Mihinana mee-hin-uh-NAH To eat
Mihinanay mee-hin-uh-NAH-ny Ate

-ina Verbs

For -ina verbs, you need to add the suffix -y to the verb stem to make it past tense.

Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy Pronunciation English
Mahatsiaro mah-hat-see-ah-roo To remember
Mahatsiarony mah-hat-see-ah-RO-ny Remembered
Manararaotra ma-nuh-rah-rah-oh-trah To be hardworking
Manararaotray ma-nuh-rah-rah-oh-trah-y Was hardworking

-y Verbs

For -y verbs, you need to add the suffix -ny to the verb stem to make it past tense.

Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy Pronunciation English
Mamiry ma-mee-ree To stand
Mamiriny ma-mee-ree-ny Stood
Mandeha man-day-hah To go
Mandehany man-day-hah-ny Went

Exceptions to the Rule

There are some verbs in Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy that are exceptions to the past tense conjugation rule.

  • Hotahotaka: to stop suddenly
  • Hakato: to scratch
  • Hotahotana: to stop gradually

For these verbs, you need to use a different form to conjugate them in the past tense:

  • Hotahotaka: conjugated in the present tense as mihotaka and in the past tense as nihotaka
  • Hakato: conjugated in the present tense as miakatra and in the past tense as nakatra
  • Hotahotana: conjugated in the present tense as mihotana and in the past tense as nihotana

Summary

In this lesson, you have learned how to conjugate verbs in the past tense in Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy. Remember to use the appropriate suffix depending on the type of verb, and to be aware of exceptions to the rule for certain verbs. Practice with different examples to master this important part of the language!

Table of Contents - Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy Course - 0 to A1


Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Traditions and Customs


Family and Relationships


Verb Conjugation


Food and Drink


Numbers and Counting


Adjectives and Adverbs


Traditional Clothing and Textiles


Days of the Week and Months of the Year


Prepositions and Pronouns


Art and Music


Weather and Climate


Future Tense and Expressions


Beliefs and Religion

Other Lessons

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