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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/German|German]]  → [[Language/German/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/German/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Definite and Indefinite Articles → Cases: Nominative and Accusative</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">German Grammar → Definite and Indefinite Articles → Cases: Nominative and Accusative</div>
== Introduction ==


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As a German language teacher with 20 years of experience, I know that learning German grammar can be quite challenging, especially when it comes to cases. In this lesson, we will focus on the two most basic cases in German: Nominative and Accusative. We will also explore how they are used with definite and indefinite articles.
Welcome to the lesson on cases: nominative and accusative in German grammar! In this lesson, you will learn how to use the cases for nominative and accusative in basic sentences. Understanding the cases is essential for building correct and meaningful sentences in German. So let's dive in and explore this topic in depth!


== Nominative Case ==


<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/German/Grammar/Temporal-Prepositions|Temporal Prepositions]] & [[Language/German/Grammar/Past-Tense---Part-1---Perfect-Tense|Past Tense Part 1 Perfect Tense]].</span>
The nominative case is used for the subject of a sentence. It answers the question "who?" or "what?" is doing the action. In German, definite and indefinite articles change depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun. Let's take a look at the definite and indefinite articles in the nominative case:
==Nominative Case==


The nominative case is the case of the subject of a sentence. In other words, when a noun is used as the subject of the sentence, it is in the nominative case. In German, the definite article for the nominative case is "der" for masculine, "die" for feminine, and "das" for neuter. The indefinite article is "ein" for masculine and neuter, and "eine" for feminine. Here are some examples:
=== Definite Articles in Nominative ===
 
In German, the definite articles in the nominative case are:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Der Mann  || [deːɐ̯ man] || The man
| der || deɐ || the (masculine)
|-
|-
| Die Frau  || [diː fʁau] || The woman
| die || diː || the (feminine)
|-
|-
| Das Kind  || [das kɪnt] || The child
| das || das || the (neuter)
|-
|-
| Ein Hund  || [aɪ̯n hʊnt] || A dog
| die || diː || the (plural)
|}
 
=== Indefinite Articles in Nominative ===
 
In German, the indefinite articles in the nominative case are:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Eine Katze  || [aɪ̯nə kat͡sə] || A cat
| ein || a, an (masculine) || a, an (masculine)
|-
| eine || a, an (feminine) || a, an (feminine)
|-
| ein || a, an (neuter) || a, an (neuter)
|-
| — || — || — (plural)
|}
|}


For example:
It's important to remember that the indefinite article "ein" does not have a plural form. In the plural, no article is used in German.


* Der Mann liest ein Buch. (The man reads a book.)
Now that you know the definite and indefinite articles in the nominative case, let's see how they are used in sentences.
* Die Frau isst ein Stück Kuchen. (The woman eats a piece of cake.)
* Das Kind spielt mit einem Ball. (The child plays with a ball.)


==Accusative Case==
== Accusative Case ==


The accusative case is used for the direct object of a sentence. In other words, when a noun is receiving the action of the sentence, it is in the accusative case. In German, the definite article for the accusative case is "den" for masculine, "die" for feminine, and "das" for neuter. The indefinite article is "einen" for masculine and neuter, and "eine" for feminine. Here are some examples:
The accusative case is used for the direct object of a sentence. It answers the question "whom?" or "what?" the action is being done to. In German, definite and indefinite articles change again depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun. Let's take a look at the definite and indefinite articles in the accusative case:
 
=== Definite Articles in Accusative ===
 
In German, the definite articles in the accusative case are:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Den Mann  || [deːn man] || The man
| den || deːn || the (masculine)
|-
| die || diː || the (feminine)
|-
| das || das || the (neuter)
|-
| die || diː || the (plural)
|}
 
=== Indefinite Articles in Accusative ===
 
In German, the indefinite articles in the accusative case are:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! German !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Die Frau  || [diː fʁau] || The woman
| einen || a, an (masculine) || a, an (masculine)
|-
|-
| Das Kind  || [das kɪnt] || The child
| eine || a, an (feminine) || a, an (feminine)
|-
|-
| Einen Hund  || [aɪ̯nən hʊnt] || A dog
| ein || a, an (neuter) || a, an (neuter)
|-
|-
| Eine Katze  || [aɪ̯nə kat͡sə] || A cat
| — || — || — (plural)
|}
|}


For example:
Just like in the nominative case, the indefinite article "ein" does not have a plural form in the accusative case.


* Ich sehe den Mann. (I see the man.)
Now that you know the definite and indefinite articles in the accusative case, let's see how they are used in sentences.
* Sie hat eine Katze gefüttert. (She fed a cat.)
* Das Kind hat den Ball verloren. (The child lost the ball.)


==Definite and Indefinite Articles in Nominative and Accusative Cases==
== Using Cases in Basic Sentences ==


It is important to remember that the articles change depending on the case they are used in. Here is a summary of how articles change in German:
To understand how cases work in German, let's look at some examples of basic sentences using both the nominative and accusative cases:


{| class="wikitable"
=== Nominative Examples ===
! !! Nominative !! Accusative
 
|-
1. Der Hund bellt. (The dog is barking.)
| Masculine "the" || der || den
2. Die Katze schläft. (The cat is sleeping.)
| Masculine "a/an" || ein || einen
3. Das Buch ist interessant. (The book is interesting.)
| Feminine "the" || die|| die
4. Die Kinder spielen. (The children are playing.)
| Feminine "a/an" || eine || eine
| Neuter "the" || das || das
| Neuter "a/an" || ein || ein
|}


==Exceptions==
In these examples, the definite articles "der," "die," and "das" are used in the nominative case to indicate the subject of the sentence.


As with any rule, there are exceptions. Some masculine nouns that end in "-e" in the nominative case will add an "-n" in the accusative case. For example:
1. Ein Hund bellt. (A dog is barking.)
* Der Junge spielt mit dem Ball. (The boy plays with the ball.)
2. Eine Katze schläft. (A cat is sleeping.)
* Ich sehe einen großen Bären. (I see a big bear.)
3. Ein Buch ist interessant. (A book is interesting.)
4. — Kinder spielen. (Children are playing.)


The neuter definite article "das" changes to "dass" in certain cases. "Dass" is a subordinating conjunction meaning "that" in English, and it is not a definite article. For example:
In these examples, the indefinite articles "ein" and "eine" are used in the nominative case to indicate the subject of the sentence.
* Ich glaube, dass das richtig ist. (I believe that is correct.)


==Practice==
=== Accusative Examples ===


To practice using the nominative and accusative cases with definite and indefinite articles, try these exercises:
1. Er sieht den Hund. (He sees the dog.)
2. Sie füttert die Katze. (She is feeding the cat.)
3. Ich lese das Buch. (I am reading the book.)
4. Wir besuchen die Kinder. (We are visiting the children.)


1. Fill in the blanks with the correct article and case:
In these examples, the definite articles "den," "die," and "das" are used in the accusative case to indicate the direct object of the sentence.


* Ich sehe ___ Mann. (den, dem, das)
1. Er sieht einen Hund. (He sees a dog.)
* Die Frau gibt ___ Kind einen Apfel. (der, die, das)
2. Sie füttert eine Katze. (She is feeding a cat.)
* ___ Hund beißt den Mann. (ein, eine, einen)
3. Ich lese ein Buch. (I am reading a book.)
* Das Mädchen spielt mit ___ Puppen. (die, das, der)
4. Wir besuchen — Kinder. (We are visiting children.)


2. Translate the following sentences into German:
In these examples, the indefinite articles "einen" and "eine" are used in the accusative case to indicate the direct object of the sentence.


* The cat is on the table.
== Summary ==
* I see a big house.
* The children are playing with a ball.
* She is eating a sandwich.


==Sources==
Congratulations! You have learned how to use the cases for nominative and accusative in basic sentences. Understanding the cases is crucial for constructing grammatically correct sentences in German. Make sure to practice using the definite and indefinite articles in both cases to reinforce your understanding. Keep up the good work, and soon you'll be speaking German with confidence!
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_declension German Declension]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_articles German Articles]


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=German Grammar: Definite and Indefinite Articles, Cases (Nominative and Accusative) | A1 Level
|title=German Grammar → Definite and Indefinite Articles → Cases: Nominative and Accusative
|keywords=German, grammar, cases, nominative, accusative, definite articles, indefinite articles, declension, A1 level
|keywords=German grammar, definite articles, indefinite articles, cases, nominative case, accusative case
|description=Learn how to use the cases for nominative and accusative in basic sentences in German, as well as the definite and indefinite articles used in the two cases. Suitable for complete beginners aiming to reach the A1 level.
|description=Learn how to use the cases for nominative and accusative in basic sentences in German. Understand the definite and indefinite articles and their usage in different cases.
}}
}}


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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:German-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:German-0-to-A1-Course]]
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==Videos==
==Videos==
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===German Cases | Nominative, Accusative, Dative - YouTube - YouTube===
===German Cases | Nominative, Accusative, Dative - YouTube - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0TyV-rmNTIo</youtube>
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0TyV-rmNTIo</youtube>
==Sources==
* [https://storylearning.com/learn/german/german-tips/german-cases-explained The German Cases Explained In 5 Steps - I Will Teach You A ...]
* [https://www.thegermanproject.com/german-lessons/nominative-accusative German Nominative and Accusative cases + audio]
* [https://germanwithlaura.com/noun-cases/ German Cases: Your Essential Guide | German with Laura]


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
Line 150: Line 186:
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Talking-About-Obligations|Talking About Obligations]]
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Talking-About-Obligations|Talking About Obligations]]


<span class='maj'></span>
 
==Sources==
* [https://storylearning.com/learn/german/german-tips/german-cases-explained The German Cases Explained In 5 Steps - I Will Teach You A ...]
* [https://www.thegermanproject.com/german-lessons/nominative-accusative German Nominative and Accusative cases + audio]
* [https://germanwithlaura.com/noun-cases/ German Cases: Your Essential Guide | German with Laura]


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{{German-Page-Bottom}}
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Latest revision as of 07:50, 17 June 2023

◀️ Plural Forms — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Numbers 1-100 ▶️

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German → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Definite and Indefinite Articles → Cases: Nominative and Accusative

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on cases: nominative and accusative in German grammar! In this lesson, you will learn how to use the cases for nominative and accusative in basic sentences. Understanding the cases is essential for building correct and meaningful sentences in German. So let's dive in and explore this topic in depth!

Nominative Case[edit | edit source]

The nominative case is used for the subject of a sentence. It answers the question "who?" or "what?" is doing the action. In German, definite and indefinite articles change depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun. Let's take a look at the definite and indefinite articles in the nominative case:

Definite Articles in Nominative[edit | edit source]

In German, the definite articles in the nominative case are:

German Pronunciation English
der deɐ the (masculine)
die diː the (feminine)
das das the (neuter)
die diː the (plural)

Indefinite Articles in Nominative[edit | edit source]

In German, the indefinite articles in the nominative case are:

German Pronunciation English
ein a, an (masculine) a, an (masculine)
eine a, an (feminine) a, an (feminine)
ein a, an (neuter) a, an (neuter)
— — — (plural)

It's important to remember that the indefinite article "ein" does not have a plural form. In the plural, no article is used in German.

Now that you know the definite and indefinite articles in the nominative case, let's see how they are used in sentences.

Accusative Case[edit | edit source]

The accusative case is used for the direct object of a sentence. It answers the question "whom?" or "what?" the action is being done to. In German, definite and indefinite articles change again depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun. Let's take a look at the definite and indefinite articles in the accusative case:

Definite Articles in Accusative[edit | edit source]

In German, the definite articles in the accusative case are:

German Pronunciation English
den deːn the (masculine)
die diː the (feminine)
das das the (neuter)
die diː the (plural)

Indefinite Articles in Accusative[edit | edit source]

In German, the indefinite articles in the accusative case are:

German Pronunciation English
einen a, an (masculine) a, an (masculine)
eine a, an (feminine) a, an (feminine)
ein a, an (neuter) a, an (neuter)
— — — (plural)

Just like in the nominative case, the indefinite article "ein" does not have a plural form in the accusative case.

Now that you know the definite and indefinite articles in the accusative case, let's see how they are used in sentences.

Using Cases in Basic Sentences[edit | edit source]

To understand how cases work in German, let's look at some examples of basic sentences using both the nominative and accusative cases:

Nominative Examples[edit | edit source]

1. Der Hund bellt. (The dog is barking.) 2. Die Katze schläft. (The cat is sleeping.) 3. Das Buch ist interessant. (The book is interesting.) 4. Die Kinder spielen. (The children are playing.)

In these examples, the definite articles "der," "die," and "das" are used in the nominative case to indicate the subject of the sentence.

1. Ein Hund bellt. (A dog is barking.) 2. Eine Katze schläft. (A cat is sleeping.) 3. Ein Buch ist interessant. (A book is interesting.) 4. — Kinder spielen. (Children are playing.)

In these examples, the indefinite articles "ein" and "eine" are used in the nominative case to indicate the subject of the sentence.

Accusative Examples[edit | edit source]

1. Er sieht den Hund. (He sees the dog.) 2. Sie füttert die Katze. (She is feeding the cat.) 3. Ich lese das Buch. (I am reading the book.) 4. Wir besuchen die Kinder. (We are visiting the children.)

In these examples, the definite articles "den," "die," and "das" are used in the accusative case to indicate the direct object of the sentence.

1. Er sieht einen Hund. (He sees a dog.) 2. Sie füttert eine Katze. (She is feeding a cat.) 3. Ich lese ein Buch. (I am reading a book.) 4. Wir besuchen — Kinder. (We are visiting children.)

In these examples, the indefinite articles "einen" and "eine" are used in the accusative case to indicate the direct object of the sentence.

Summary[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have learned how to use the cases for nominative and accusative in basic sentences. Understanding the cases is crucial for constructing grammatically correct sentences in German. Make sure to practice using the definite and indefinite articles in both cases to reinforce your understanding. Keep up the good work, and soon you'll be speaking German with confidence!

Table of Contents - German Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Basic Sentence Structures


Greetings and Introduction


Definite and Indefinite Articles


Numbers, Dates and Time


Verbs and Conjugation


Family and Friends


Prepositions


Food and Drinks


Germany and German-Speaking Countries


Pronouns and Possessives


Travel and Transportation


Modal Verbs


Shopping and Clothes


Music and Entertainment


Adjectives


Health and Body


Time and Temporal Prepositions

Videos[edit | edit source]

The German Cases | Nominative, Accusative, Dative - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Understand the GERMAN CASES - Accusative, Dative, Nominative ...[edit | edit source]

The German Cases | Nominative, Accusative, Dative - YouTube[edit | edit source]

German Cases | Nominative, Accusative, Dative - YouTube - YouTube[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Plural Forms — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Numbers 1-100 ▶️

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