Difference between revisions of "Language/Japanese/Grammar/Adjectives"
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<span link>With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]], [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use "Have"]], [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Hiragana-Reading-and-Writing-Practice|Hiragana Reading and Writing Practice]] & [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Adjective-Conjugation|Adjective Conjugation]].</span> | |||
== Types of Adjectives == | == Types of Adjectives == | ||
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<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎 | <hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎 | ||
<span link>Well done on mastering this lesson! Don't miss these related pages to expand your knowledge: [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Conjunctions-and-Compound-Sentences|Japanese Grammar → Particles and Conjunctions → Conjunctions ...]], [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Adjective-and-Adverbial-Modification|Japanese Grammar → Adjectives and Adverbs → Adjective and ...]], [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Introduction-to-Japanese-Sentence-Structure|Introduction to Japanese Sentence Structure]] & [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Adverb-Types-and-Usage|Adverb Types and Usage]].</span> | |||
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|title=Japanese Grammar - Adjectives | |title=Japanese Grammar - Adjectives | ||
|keywords=Japanese adjectives, i-adjectives, na-adjectives, comparative, superlative, Japanese language | |keywords=Japanese adjectives, i-adjectives, na-adjectives, comparative, superlative, Japanese language | ||
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the different types of Japanese adjectives, how they are conjugated, and how to use them properly. }} | |description=In this lesson, you will learn about the different types of Japanese adjectives, how they are conjugated, and how to use them properly. }} | ||
==Videos== | ==Videos== | ||
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<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNzrFBQ3LEo</youtube> | <youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNzrFBQ3LEo</youtube> | ||
==Other Lessons== | |||
== | |||
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Negation|Negation]] | * [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Negation|Negation]] | ||
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] | * [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] | ||
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* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]] | * [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]] | ||
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Pronouns-(代名詞)|Pronouns (代名詞)]] | * [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Pronouns-(代名詞)|Pronouns (代名詞)]] | ||
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Revision as of 20:50, 27 March 2023
Hi Japanese learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about adjectives in Japanese. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns. Some adjectives in Japanese can also be used as verbs. Adjectives typically come before the noun they modify.
With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: Future Tense, How to Use "Have", Hiragana Reading and Writing Practice & Adjective Conjugation.
Types of Adjectives
In Japanese, adjectives can be categorized into two main types: い-adjectives (i-adjectives) and な-adjectives (na-adjectives).
い-adjectives (i-adjectives)
い-adjectives (i-adjectives) end in the い (i) sound. They are also called “consonant-stem adjectives”.
For example:
Japanese | Pronunciation | English Translation |
行 き た い | i-ki-ta-i | want to go |
忙 し い | iso-ga-shi-i | busy |
暑 い | a-tsu-i | hot |
寒 い | sa-mu-i | cold |
高 い | ta-ka-i | expensive |
安 い | ya-su-i | cheap |
美 味 し い | o-i-shi-i | delicious |
When conjugating い-adjectives, drop the final い (i) sound, and add the appropriate ending according to the tense or grammatical structure you want.
For example:
Japanese | Pronunciation | English Translation |
行 き た く な い | i-ki-ta-ku-na-i | don’t want to go |
忙 しかっ た | iso-ga-shi-ka-ta | was busy |
暑 く な い | a-tsu-ku-na-i | not hot |
寒 く な い | sa-mu-ku-na-i | not cold |
高 か っ た | ta-ka-ka-tta | was expensive |
安 か っ た | ya-su-ka-tta | was cheap |
美 味 し か っ た | o-i-shi-ka-tta | was delicious |
な-adjectives (na-adjectives)
な-adjectives (na-adjectives) are adjectives that require a な (na) before the noun they modify. They are also called “adjectival nouns”.
For example:
Japanese | Pronunciation | - | き れ い な 女性 | ki-re-i-na-jyo-sei | beautiful woman | 丈 夫 な 椅子 | jyo-bu-na-i-su | sturdy chair | 静 か な 景色 | shi-za-ka-na-ke-shiki | }
When conjugating な-adjectives, simply add the appropriate ending according to the tense or grammatical structure you want, without dropping any sounds as in い-adjectives. For example:
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